HIV, or
human immunodeficiency virus, is a virus that attacks the immune system,
leaving individuals susceptible to infections and other diseases. Over the
years, tremendous progress has been made in the field of HIV treatment. From
the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the 1990s to the
development of new drugs and treatment strategies in recent years, advancements
in HIV treatment have transformed the lives of millions of people living with
HIV.
If you or
someone you know has been diagnosed with HIV, it's important to understand the
current state of HIV treatment and how it can help manage the virus. In this
blog, we'll explore some of the recent advancements in HIV treatment that you
need to know.
Antiretroviral
Therapy (ART)
Antiretroviral
therapy, or ART, is a combination of medications used to suppress the HIV virus
in the body. ART has been the standard treatment for HIV since the mid-1990s
and has been proven to be highly effective in reducing the level of virus in
the blood and preventing the progression of the disease. In recent years, newer
ART drugs have been developed, which are more effective, have fewer side
effects, and can be taken less frequently.
One of the
major advancements in ART has been the development of single-tablet regimens
(STRs). STRs are combinations of three or more antiretroviral drugs that are
combined into a single pill. They are highly effective in suppressing the virus
and have made treatment more convenient for people living with HIV. With STRs,
people only need to take one pill per day, which can improve adherence to
treatment.
Pre-Exposure
Prophylaxis (PrEP)
Pre-exposure
prophylaxis, or PrEP, is a daily pill taken by HIV-negative individuals to
reduce their risk of getting HIV. PrEP has been shown to be highly effective in
preventing HIV transmission, with studies reporting up to a 99% reduction in
HIV risk when taken as directed. PrEP is currently recommended for people at
high risk of getting HIV, such as individuals with a partner living with HIV or
those who engage in high-risk sexual behavior.
In recent
years, new forms of PrEP have been developed, including long-acting injectable
PrEP and on-demand PrEP. Long-acting injectable PrEP involves receiving an
injection of medication every two months, while on-demand PrEP involves taking
medication only around the time of sexual activity. These new forms of PrEP
offer more options for individuals who may have difficulty adhering to a daily
pill regimen.
Treatment as
Prevention (TasP)
Treatment as
prevention, or TasP, is an approach to HIV treatment that involves starting ART
as soon as possible after diagnosis. By suppressing the virus in the body, TasP
can reduce the level of HIV in the blood and other bodily fluids, making it
less likely that the virus will be transmitted to others. TasP has been shown
to be highly effective in reducing HIV transmission, with studies reporting up
to a 96% reduction in transmission among serodiscordant couples (where one
partner is living with HIV and the other is not).
In addition
to reducing HIV transmission, TasP has other benefits for individuals living
with HIV. By starting treatment early, TasP can help preserve the immune system
and reduce the risk of developing other illnesses associated with HIV. TasP can
also improve the overall health and quality of life of individuals living with
HIV.
Gene Therapy
Gene therapy
is a promising new approach to HIV treatment that involves altering the genetic
makeup of cells to make them resistant to the virus. One type of gene therapy
being developed for HIV involves using CRISPR-Cas9, a gene-editing tool, to
remove the CCR5 gene from immune cells.

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